The shave you learned at 17 is the shave that's wrecking your skin at 47.
Most men don't update their shaving routine after they figure out a version that doesn't draw blood. The result is two decades of accumulating damage that shows up as razor burn, ingrown hairs, and prematurely aged skin around the jawline. The fix is small. Most men never make it.
Stop dragging the razor against the grain
Going against the grain produces a closer shave. It also tears the hair below the skin line, which is exactly how ingrown hairs form. For men over 40, whose skin recovery slows year over year, this is a long-term disaster.
Shave with the grain. Always. The shave will be slightly less close. Your skin will thank you for the next thirty years.
Hot water before, cold water after
The pre-shave hot water step opens the pore and softens the hair. The post-shave cold water step closes the pore and reduces inflammation. Most men do one or the other. Doing both turns a routine that irritates skin into a routine that protects it.
Throw out your aftershave if it stings
If your aftershave hurts, it has too much alcohol. Alcohol-based aftershaves are a 20th-century product designed for an era when antiseptic action was the priority. They strip your skin barrier and accelerate the dehydration that ages the lower face faster than the upper face.
Replace with an unscented post-shave balm. Apply with damp hands. The skin care industry will not announce this, because it would cost them billions.
Replace your razor more often than you think
A dull blade pulls hair before it cuts. The pull is what causes most razor irritation, not the cut. Replace cartridge blades every 5–7 shaves. Most men go 3–4x longer than that and wonder why their skin is angry.